Reported
speech
(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech)
I.
Definition.
Is an indirect sentence to report back greeting speech delivered in a
different speaker. Reportd speech also called Direct speech or Indirect Speech
reserve the sentence pronounced by the speaker directly.
Example :
D : He
said to her, “I will visit you tomorrow”.
I :
He said to her (that) He would visit her the
following day.
II.
Adverbial of Time and Place Changed.
Now :
Then
Today :
That day
Tonight :
The night
Tomorrow :The
following day / next day
Yesterday :The
day before
Next week :
The following week
Last night :
The night before
Here :
There
This :
That
III.
Rules.
1.
If the
main clause of "present" the tense of the
sub-clause does not change.
Example :
D
: He says to her, “ I work hard
“.
I : He says to her that he works hard.
2.
If the
main clause of "past"
the tense of
the sub clause changed.
Example :
D : He said to her, “I work hard”.
I : He said to her that he worked hard.
3.
If
the sub clause of 'general truth', tenses
in any form
will not affect the main caluse change
tenses in indirect
speech
Example :
D
: Father said to Any, “the sun
raises in the East every morning.”
I : Father told to Ani that the sun
rises in the east every morning.
4.
If
the clause in the
form of Direct Speech for the simple past tense,
it does not change in Indirect Speech, but the parent sentence
remains unchanged.
Example :
D : Andy said, “My sister was crying
when I went home.”
I : Andy told me that his sister had
been crying when He went home.
IV.
Establishment of Reported Speech.
1)
Statement.
The conjunction
is “That”.
Example :
D :
He says to me, “ I need You.”
I :
He says to me that He needs me.
D :
She said to him, “We are Happy.”
I :
She said to him that They were Happy.
2)
Questions.
a)
Yes/No Questions.
If a question
directly using the Yes / No Questions
If the connecting
/ Weather does.
Example :
D :
You asked me,”Will You visit me…???.”
I :
You asked me If/Weather I would visit You.
D :
He asked her,”Have You done your homework,,,???.”
I :
He asked her If She had done her homework.
b)
Question Word.
If a question
using the question word is the question word is used
as a link in reported
speech, and question
into a sentence news reported.
Example :
D : Jane asked Mike, “what are you
doing here?”
I : Jane asked Mike what he was doing
there.
D :Bob asked me, “where do you live?”
I : Bob asked me where I lived.
3)
Command / Perintah.
Command
is divided into two, namely "verbal and nominal"
are each divided into
"positive / command"
and "negative / ban."
Formula :
a.
|
(+) Command :
To + V-1
(-) Prohibition : Not + to +V-1
|
Example :
(+) D : He said to
her, “close the door.”
I : He asked
her to close the door.
(-) D : Tomy asked Tina, “Don’t cry.”
I : Tomy asked Tina not to cry.
b.
|
(+) Command :
To + be + comp.
(-) Prohibition :
Not + to+ be + comp.
|
Example :
(+) D : Mother asked me,
“be careful please!”
I : Mother asked me to be careful.
(-) D
: Mother asked Ross, “don’t be
lazy”
I : Mother asked Ross, not be lazy.
4)
Exclamation Sentence/ Exclamation
Exclamation
to express something. Connecting words in
this sentence
is adapted to
the context of the sentence were
reported.
Example :
D : He said to me, “thank
you”
I : He thanked me.
D : John said to me,
“hello how are you?”
I : Jhon greeted me and
asked how I was.
D : He said, “Happy
birthday to you”.
I : He wished me a happy
birthday.
